SRC-001

Design and Experimental Validation of a 112-Element Cross-Helix Array for Retrodirective Wireless Power Transmission

Published claims resting on this source

• CLM-0511 The first real, built, and measured version of CASSIOPeiA's beam-steering hardware converts electricity to radio power at 42%, against about 80% for the amplifier alone and 65% for the amplifier with its circulator, once every real component is counted rather than just the amplifier chip.
• CLM-0512 The small prototype achieved a beam strength close to what a real system would use, but only over an area the size of a small table, using about 672 watts of radio power.
• CLM-0516 Public money funded a real piece of hardware that was built and tested, not just another report -- a rare outcome in this field -- even though what it found was not entirely flattering to the design.
• CLM-0903 The shared clock tells every sensor to take its reading at the same moment. How precise that clock must be depends on how fast the thing being read is changing. If the reference tone is at the same frequency as the incoming signal, the reading changes only as the structure bends, and milliseconds are plenty. If the two differ by megahertz, the reading spins at megahertz too, and nanoseconds are needed. In the built prototype the two differ by 10 MHz, but it tracks the signal continuously and takes no separate readings, so this timing requirement does not arise there in this form.
• CLM-0916 The built prototype gives every single antenna its own steering circuit rather than sharing one between a group. The steering signal arrives at one frequency, the power leaves at another 20 megahertz away, and a third frequency midway between them is piped to every antenna by cable as the common reference. The paper quotes two sets of these frequencies - what it designed for and what it actually measured, one megahertz apart - and taking one number from each set is how a reader gets the wrong answer. It kept the beam locked while the whole array was physically rotated.
• CLM-0942 Three documents held here give three different sizes for the same satellite's transmitting antenna. The patent says 1 to 1.5 km across and explains why. A 2026 paper says about 2 km by 2 km, citing someone else. A 2024 law review says 2 km across. The last two use the same number for different shapes, and a 2 km circle collects a fifth less than a 2 km square.
• CLM-1441 Documents give the size of the CASSIOPeiA satellite design as anything from 1 to 2 km across. For a full-size version delivering 2 gigawatts from geostationary orbit, the best supported figure is about 1.7 km, from a 2021 study for the UK government. A 2020 report gives 1.6 km and credits the designer's 2019 paper, but that paper gives 1.6 km only as a general minimum for any such antenna at one radio frequency, not as this design's size. None of these is a measured size: the satellite has not been built.

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