Energy Aperture

Value chain · CLM-1180

In plain terms

The most powerful version adds curved mirrors at both ends of the satellite. Each end's pair of mirrors squeezes the sunlight to twice its normal strength, and because the light comes in from both ends, each layer gets four times normal sunlight in total.

The claim as recorded

CASSIOPeiA's highest-concentration variant reaches 4 suns as two times two: each end of the helix has a concave-conic primary and a convex-conic secondary reflector giving 2x, and the pair of ends lights both sides. SRC-026: "The Solid-State Symmetrical Concentrator (SSSC, Fig. 7, patent applied for) has been modelled with 4-sun (dual [x]2) concentration, implemented as a symmetrical pair of primary concave-conic plus secondary convex-conic reflectors. This subsystem produces uniform illumination intensity both across individual layers and at all layer depths (for both sides)."

Evidence behind this: T2 journal paper by the concept's inventor, reporting its own modelling of the concentrator; no measured optics.

Scope and limits

MODELLED, NOT BUILT OR MEASURED; no reflector dimensions, focal lengths or losses are given. "Uniform illumination ... at all layer depths" is the paper's statement of its model and is not shown by any ray trace in the paper. "4 suns" is system insolation at the layers, not cell concentration: the HCPV variant adds a local Fresnel-Kohler optic on top (SRC-026 PDF 6). The SSSC patent GB2571383A is now held (SRC-592) and states the arrangement for its Fig. 10 embodiment: "Each solar concentrator assembly 602 provides x2 concentration, for a total of x4 insolation" (PDF 26; CLM-1185). The patent's quadrant embodiment, in which each assembly lights one half of the helix on two opposite quadrants, is CLM-1184. Whether it is SRC-590's "Planar Quadrant (1-sun)" variant is not stated.

What it assumes

That "dual [x]2" means 2x at each of two ends; SRC-590's "2-sun concentration from solar north & south" (notes) says so in words, and this record reads the paper through it.

Where it comes from

SRC-026 CASSIOPeiA - A new paradigm for space solar power, 2019
PDF 5 [174], raw, transliterated: "The Solid-State Symmetrical Concentrator (SSSC, Fig. 7, patent applied for) has been modelled with 4-sun (dual [x]2) concentration, implemented as a symmetrical pair of primary concave-conic plus secondary convex-conic reflectors. This subsystem produces uniform illumination intensity both across individual layers and at all layer depths (for both sides)." Same page, raw: "Thus 2-sun system insolation is achieved using simple, rigid dual planar reflectors set at 45" (then the degree sign), the 2-sun variant it improves on. SRC-026 PDF 6 [175], Fig. 7 caption, raw: "Solid-state symmetrical concentrator (4-sun)."

Basis: system concentration in suns; reflector type and count

Cite this

energyaperture.com/c/clm-1180

CLM-1180, Energy Aperture, as of 2019.

Connected records

Other published records linked to this one. A list, not a judgement.

Also from SRC-026
CLM-0004The author of the 2019 CASSIOPeiA paper states the beam's strongest point is about 230 watts per square metre, and says that figure was...
CLM-0006None of the five main studies mentions the international radio-frequency exposure limits, or any safety standard, or a restricted area...
CLM-0013The paper that modern UK studies rely on for the beam figure calls anything below 1 kilowatt per square metre safe, with 230 watts per...
CLM-0336Different design studies over four decades have each simply assumed a different working lifetime for a solar power satellite, from about 15...
CLM-0339A 2019 paper said solar power satellites are often assumed to need visits in orbit for repairs and refuelling, but that no system yet...
CLM-0441A normal geostationary satellite needs a small, regular fuel-based nudge every year to stay in place. One 2019 design proposes cutting most...
CLM-0504None of the main CASSIOPeiA-related documents in the register mentions any named safety or exposure standard, or describes any restricted...
CLM-0660The 2019 CASSIOPeiA paper does not discuss electric propulsion for getting the satellite to its orbit. It only prices delivery using...
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